Giorgione (1477-1510)
was the first to move the picture center over to one side.
Everything works around a center. Things move out of the picture.
HIGH RENAISSANCE
Michelangelo (1475-1564) and Raphael (1483-1520) used gradual spacing, forms next to forms. Michelangelo's and Raphael's spacing was tight, compact, no open spaces.
Michelangelo's work is without caprice. It is formal like calligraphy. This is a change from Botticelli (1445 – 1510 Early Renaissance) who was influenced by the teachings of Savonarolla. Botticelli's goal was to produce the lovely (and the horrifying). Michelangelo's goal was to create the monumental.
Michelangelo's forms turn away or toward from the plane of the picture, rather than being flat/frontal, with spiral(s) around the form to show volume. The modeling of the figures was made to fit: shortening of a foot, small head if needed to maintain the composition.
VARIETY IN LINES
For variety, Michelangelo contrasted long to short forms, straights and curves, complex against simple treatment of areas.
In general, Italian art often used: one side form, other side space.
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